Exercise has been shown to play a significant role in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Research suggests that exercise can improve both physical and mental health, leading to a reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms .
How Does Exercise Help Depression and Anxiety?
The exact mechanisms by which exercise helps reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety are not entirely clear. However, there are several proposed explanations:
Psychological Benefits: Exercise can have positive psychological effects, such as improving mood and reducing stress. It may also increase self-esteem and cognitive function, which can contribute to a better overall mental state .
Brain Function: Exercise activates frontal regions of the brain responsible for executive function, which helps control the amygdala, our reacting system to real or imagined threats to our survival. Regular exercise builds up resources that bolster resilience against stormy emotions .
Neurotransmitters: Exercise has been found to increase the production of endorphins, which are natural mood boosters. It can also increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, neurotransmitters that are often targeted by antidepressant medications.
Stress Reduction: Exercise can help the brain cope better with stress. Physically active individuals have been found to have lower rates of anxiety and depression compared to sedentary individuals .
Prevention and Maintenance: Exercise may help prevent the recurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms once an individual has recovered. It can also be used as a long-term strategy to manage and maintain mental well-being .
Effectiveness of Exercise for Anxiety and Depression
Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of exercise in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Here are some key findings:
Depression: Regular exercise has been found to alleviate symptoms of depression and is often as effective as medication for some individuals. It can also have long-lasting effects and may reduce symptoms over time .
Anxiety: Exercise has been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety and may be particularly beneficial for individuals with anxiety disorders. One study found that regular vigorous exercise reduced the risk of developing anxiety disorders by 25% over a five-year period .
Exercise Modes: Various forms of exercise, including aerobic, resistance, mixed-mode exercise, and yoga, have been found to be beneficial for reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety .
Recommended Duration: Thirty minutes of exercise of moderate intensity, such as brisk walking for three days a week, is considered sufficient to achieve the mental health benefits of exercise .